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 EXPLANATION:
    This patient is experiencing both pre-eclampsia and acute glomerulonephritis (AGN).  Not all patients who experience acute glomerulonephritis will experience pre-eclampsia. However, all those with pre-eclampsia suffer from AGN.
    Acute glomerulonephritis is a primary glomerular disease. AGN is characterized by mild protein levels (<1000mg/day) and positive blood in the chemical analysis. The microscopic examination shows an increase in RBCs, WBCs, renal tubular epithelial cells, and casts (RBC, hemoglobin and granular). The patient may experience edema, hypertension, fever, malaise and nausea.
    Pre-eclampsia, sometimes called toxemia of pregnancy, is a disorder that occurs only during pregnancy and affects both the mother and the unborn baby. The pregnant woman with pre-eclampsia can experience damage to her kidneys and liver. It affects ~5 percent of all pregnancies. Pre-eclampsia is a rapidly progressive condition characterized by high blood pressure, edema (swelling) and protein in the urine. Sudden weight gain, headaches and changes in vision are typical symptoms. The only way to recover from pre-eclampsia is to deliver the baby and placenta. Induced labor is sometimes another option. Some women with pre-eclampsia will develop a more severe condition, called HELLP syndrome (for "hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme levels and a low platelet count"). For more information on pre-eclampsia and pregnancy, visit the site below:

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