EXPLANATION:
This patient is experiencing both
pre-eclampsia
and acute glomerulonephritis (AGN). Not all patients who experience
acute glomerulonephritis will experience pre-eclampsia. However, all those
with pre-eclampsia suffer from AGN.
Acute glomerulonephritis is a primary
glomerular disease. AGN is characterized by mild protein levels (<1000mg/day)
and positive blood in the chemical analysis. The microscopic examination
shows an increase in RBCs, WBCs, renal tubular epithelial cells, and casts
(RBC, hemoglobin and granular). The patient may experience edema, hypertension,
fever, malaise and nausea.
Pre-eclampsia, sometimes called toxemia
of pregnancy, is a disorder that occurs only during pregnancy and affects
both the mother and the unborn baby. The pregnant woman with pre-eclampsia
can experience damage to her kidneys and liver. It affects ~5 percent of
all pregnancies. Pre-eclampsia is a rapidly progressive condition characterized
by high blood pressure, edema (swelling) and protein in the urine. Sudden
weight gain, headaches and changes in vision are typical symptoms. The
only way to recover from pre-eclampsia is to deliver the baby and placenta.
Induced labor is sometimes another option. Some women with pre-eclampsia
will develop a more severe condition, called HELLP syndrome (for "hemolysis,
elevated
liver enzyme levels and a low
platelet count"). For more information on
pre-eclampsia and pregnancy, visit the site below: