The increased ketone and glucose results suggest that the patient's diabetes mellitus is uncontrolled.  This is a set of results that always requires immediate notification of the physician.  Ketonuria occurs in patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus because the body cannot use the available carbohydrates, so it begins to metabolize fatty acids instead.  The fact that the patient is diabetic also causes increased concern because diabetes is a systemic disorder that often results in renal disease.  Many diabetic patients die of renal failure.  Therefore, this case would require increased concern due to the severity of the combined conditions.

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