GENERAL GRASS DATA MANAGEMENT COMMANDS

g.access Controls user access to the current GRASS mapset.
g.mapsets Modifies the user's current mapset search path, affecting the user's access to data existing under the other GRASS mapsets in the current location.

g.list Lists available GRASS data base files of the specified data type ,to standard output.
g.copy Copies available data files in the user's current mapset search path and location to the appropriate element directories under the user's current mapset.
g.remove Remove data base element files from the user's current mapset.
g.rename Rename data base element files in the user's current mapset.

g.help GRASS help facility.
g.manual Accesses GRASS reference manual entries.

g.region Program to manage the boundary definitions for the geographic region.
g.setproj Allows the user to create the PROJ_INFO and the PROJ_UNITS files to record the projection information associated with a current location.

DISPLAY GRAPHICS COMMANDS

d.mon Establishes and control use of a graphics display monitor.
d.erase Erases the active display frame on the graphics monitor.
d.frame Manages display frames on the graphics monitor.

d.rast Displays and overlays raster map layers in the active display frame on the graphics monitor.
d.vect Displays GRASS vector data in the active frame on the
d.sites Displays site markers in the active display frame on the graphics monitor.
d.3d Three-dimensional raster map display program.
d.his Produces and displays a raster map layer combining hue, intensity, and saturation (his) values from user-specified input raster map layers.
d.rgb Allows multiple maps to be overlaid in the active display frame on the graphics monitor.
d.vect.dlg Displays a vector USGS digital line graph (DLG-3) file in the active frame on the graphics monitor.
d.rast.arrow Draws arrows representing cell aspect direction for a raster map layer.
d.rast.edit Program allowing users to interactively edit the cell category values of raster map layers displayed on the graphics monitor.
d.rast.num Overlays cell category values on a raster map layer displayed to the graphics monitor
d.siter Interactively displays subsets of a sites list based on site attributes
d.sites.qual Displays a subset of a sites list based on site attributes

d.histogram Plots a histogram in the form of a pie or bar chart for a user-specified raster file.
d.legend Displays a legend for a raster map layer in the active frame on the graphics monitor.
d.leg.thin Version of d.legend that thins categories, allows continuous gradient
d.scale Displays a map scale and north arrow relevant to a user's current geographic region setting in the active display frame on the graphics monitor.

d.what.rast Allows the user to interactively query the category contents of multiple raster map layers at user-specified locations within the current geographic region.
d.what.vect Allows the user to interactively query the category contents of multiple (binary) vector map layers at user-selected locations within the current geographic region.
d.what.sites Interactively query a single site list descriptions
d.where Identifies the geographic coordinates associated with point locations in the active frame on the graphics monitor.

d.colormode Allows the user to establish whether a map will be displayed using its own color table or the fixed color table of the graphics monitor.
d.colors Allows the user to interactively change the color table of a raster map layer displayed on the graphics monitor.
d.colortable Display the color table associated with a raster map layer.

d.geodesic Displays a geodesic line, tracing the shortest distance between two geographic points along a great circle, in a latitude-longitude data set.
d.rhumbline Displays the rhumbline joining two user-specified points in the active frame on the user's graphics monitor.
d.measure Measures the lengths and areas of features drawn by the user in the active display frame on the graphics monitor.
d.profile Displays profiles of a user-specified raster map layer in the active frame on the user's graphics monitor.

d.grid Overlays a user-specified grid in the active display frame on the graphics monitor.
d.text Draws text in the active display frame on the graphics monitor.
d.title Outputs a title for a raster map layer in a form suitable for display by d.text.
d.icons Displays points, as icons, at user-defined locations in the active display frame on the graphics monitor.
d.label Creates and places text labels in the active display frame on the graphics monitor.
d.labels Create/edit GRASS label files for display on the graphics monitor.
d.points Displays point graphics in the active frame on the graphics display monitor.

d.rast.zoom, d.zoom Allows the user to change the current geographic region settings interactively, using a mouse.
 

RASTER DATA MANIPULATION COMMANDS

r.mapcalc Raster map layer data calculator.
r.mask Establishes/removes the current working mask.

r.buffer Creates a raster map layer showing buffer zones surrounding cells that contain non-zero category values.
r.neighbors Makes each cell category value a function of the category values assigned to the cells around it, and stores new cell values in an output raster map layer.
r.clump Recategorizes data in a raster map layer by grouping cells that form physically discrete areas into unique categories.
r.grow Generates an output raster map layer with contiguous areas grown by one cell (pixel).
r.patch Creates a composite raster map layer by using known category values from one (or more) map layer(s) to fill in areas of "no data" in another map layer.
r.mfilter Raster file matrix filter.
r.reclass Creates a new map layer whose category values are based upon the user's reclassification of categories in an existing raster map layer.

r.average Finds the average of values in a values map within polygons of a user-specified base map.
r.coin Tabulates the mutual occurrence (coincidence) of categories for two raster map layers.
r.covar Outputs a covariance/correlation matrix for user-specified raster map layer(s).
r.cross Creates a cross product of the category values from multiple raster map layers.
r.random Creates a raster map layer and sites list containing randomly located sites.
r.resample GRASS raster map layer data resampling capability.

r.colors Creates/Modifies the color table associated with a raster map layer.

r.watershed Watershed basin analysis program.
r.profile Plots profiles of a GRASS raster map layer.
r.transect Provides transect information across a raster map.
r.basins.fill Generates a raster map layer showing watershed sub-basins.
r.drain Traces a flow through an elevation model on a raster map layer.
r.cost Outputs a raster map layer showing the cumulative cost of moving between different geographic locations on an input raster map layer whose cell category values represent cost.
r.los Line-of-sight raster analysis program.

r.cats Prints category values and labels associated with user-specified raster map layers.
r.rescale Rescales the range of category values in a raster map layer.
r.describe Prints terse list of category values found in a raster map layer.
r.report Reports statistics for raster map layers.
r.volume Sums cell values within clumps and calculates volumes and centroids of patches or clumps.
r.stats Generates area statistics for raster map layers.
r.what Queries raster map layers on their category values and category labels.
r.info Outputs basic information about a user-specified raster map layer.
r.support Allows the user to create and/or modify raster map layer support files.
r.compress Compresses and decompresses raster files.

r.in.ascii Converts an ASCII text file into a raster map layer.
r.out.ascii Converts a raster map layer into an ASCII text file.
r.in.ll Creates a raster file from data in latitude-longitude coordinates.

r.infer Outputs a raster map layer whose category values represent the application of user-specified criteria (rules statements) to other raster map layers' category values.
r.binfer Bayesian expert system development function.

r.thin Thins non-zero cells that denote linear features in a raster file.
r.line Creates a new GRASS vector (digit) file by extracting linear features from a thinned raster file.
r.poly Extracts area edges from a raster map layer and converts data to vector format.

r.slope.aspect Generates raster map layers of slope and aspect from a raster map layer of true elevation values.
r.surf.contour Surface generation program.
r.surf.idw Surface generation program, from raster data.
 

VECTOR DATA MANIPULATION COMMANDS

v.digit A menu-driven, highly interactive map development program used for vector digitizing, editing, labeling, and converting vector data to raster format.
v.support Creates GRASS support files for (binary) GRASS vector data.

v.import Converts ASCII Digital Line Graph (DLG) files, binary DLG files, and ASCII vector files into binary vector files and creates the needed vector support files.
v.in.arc Converts data in ARC/INFO format to GRASS's vector format, and stores output in the user's current GRASS mapset.
v.out.arc Converts GRASS vector files to ARC/INFO's "Generate" file format.
v.in.ascii Converts ASCII vector map layers into binary vector map layers.
v.out.ascii Converts binary vector map layers into ASCII vector map layers.
v.in.dlg Converts binary DLG (BDLG) file to binary vector (dig) file.
v.out.dlg Converts binary GRASS vector data to binary DLG-3 Optional format.
v.in.dxf DXF format to GRASS vector format conversion program.
v.out.dxf GRASS vector format to DXF format conversion program.
v.cadlabel Attaches labels to vector contour lines that have been imported to GRASS from DXF format.
v.out.moss Converts GRASS site, line, or area data into MOSS import format. (Data Export Program)

v.mkgrid Creates a (binary) GRASS vector map of a user-defined grid.
v.mkquads Creates a GRASS vector map layer and/or sites list and/or geographic region definition file for a USGS 7.5-minute quadrangle.

v.patch Creates a new binary vector map layer by combining other binary vector map layers.

v.prune Prunes points from binary GRASS vector data files.
v.spag Processes a Spaghetti-digitized vector file.
v.trim Trims small spurs and removes excessive nodes from a GRASS vector (digit) file.

v.stats Displays information about a user-specified GRASS vector file.

v.to.rast Converts a map layer in (binary) GRASS vector format to GRASS raster format.
v.to.sites Converts a GRASS vector file to a GRASS site-lists file.

v.transform Transforms an ASCII vector map layer from one coordinate system into another coordinate system.
 

MULTISPECTRAL DATA MANIPULATION COMMANDS

i.group Creates and edits groups and subgroups of (raster) imagery files.
i.target An imagery function that establishes a GRASS target LOCATION for an imagery group.
i.points, i.vpoints Enables the user to mark coordinate system points on an image to be rectified and then to input the coordinates of each point for creation of a coordinate transformation matrix. The transformation matrix is needed as input for the GRASS program i.rectify.
i.rectify Rectifies an image by computing a coordinate transformation for each cell (pixel) in the image using the transformation coefficient matrix created by the GRASS program i.points.

i.class Generates spectral signatures for an image by allowing the user to outline regions of interest. The resulting signature file can be used as input for i.maxlik or as a seed signature file for i.cluster.
i.cluster Generates spectral signatures for land cover types in an image using a clustering algorithm. The resulting signature file is used as input for i.maxlik.
i.cca Canonical components analysis (cca) program for image processing.
i.pca Principal components analysis (pca) program for image processing.

i.maxlik Classifies the cell spectral reflectances in imagery data based on the spectral signature information generated in i.cluster.

i.grey.scale Assigns a histogram-contrast-stretched grey-scale color table to a raster map layer.
i.colors Creates colors for imagery groups.
i.composite Creates a color composite image from three band files specified by the user.
i.his.rgb Hue-intensity-saturation (his) to red-green-blue (rgb) raster map color transformation function.
i.rgb.his Red-green-blue (rgb) to hue-intensity-saturation (his) function for image processing.

i.fft Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) for image processing.
i.ifft Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (ifft) for image processing.

i.tape.mss Extracts Multispectral Scanner (MSS) imagery data from half-inch tape.
i.tape.mss.h Extracts header information from Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS) imagery data stored on half-inch tape.
i.tape.other Extracts scanned aerial imagery (NHAP, etc.) and SPOT imagery from half-inch magnetic tape.
i.tape.tm Extracts LANDSAT Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery from half-inch magnetic tape.

i.zc Zero-crossing "edge detection" raster function for image processing.
i.ortho.photo Interactive ortho-photo rectification program.
 

SITE DATA MANIPULATION COMMANDS

s.menu Accesses and manipulates GRASS sites data.

s.in.ascii Converts a GRASS site-lists file in ASCII format to binary format.
s.out.ascii Converts a GRASS site-lists file in binary format to ASCII format.

s.surf.idw Surface generation program, from sites data.
 

EXTERNAL DATA MANIPULATION COMMANDS

m.dem.extract Extracts USGS Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data from 1/2-inch magnetic tape.
m.examine.tape Provides a description of the files on a 1/2-inch magnetic tape.

m.ll2u Converts geographic (latitude-longitude) coordinates to Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates.
m.u2ll Converts Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates to geographic (latitude-longitude) coordinates.
m.region.ll Converts Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates falling within the current geographic region from UTM coordinates to geographic (latitude/longitude) coordinates.

m.rot90 Rotates elevation data extracted by either m.dted.extract or m.dmaUSGSread.
 

HARDCOPY GRAPHICS COMMANDS

ps.select Select PostScript printer for hardcopy output
ps.icon Create icons for printing with ps.map
ps.map (ps.map.old) Script-driven map composition for PostScript printer
ps.map.new Script-driven map composition for PostScript printer

p.select - Selects a device (printer) for GRASS hardcopy output. Outputs can also be previewed on the graphics display monitor.
p.chart - Prints a color chart for the printer currently selected.
p.colors - Allows the user to modify a color table for a raster map layer, assigning colors to the categories in the raster map layer based on printer color numbers (instead of red, green, blue percentages).
p.icons - Allows the user to create and maintain icons which are used by the
p.map command to depict sites.
p.labels - Creates and modifies labels for hardcopy maps.
p.map - Command language interface to color hardcopy and graphics monitor output.
p.screen - Prints a graphics monitor display image file that has been saved by d.savescreen.