THE UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE/MILFORD SCHOOL DISTRICT

PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT SCHOOL REPORT

 

December 2002

Revised March 2004 following consultation with USC

 

Introduction

 

The University of Delaware and the Milford School District have entered into a partnership to create a Professional Development School (PDS) and offer the complete Elementary Teacher Education (ETE) program in southern Delaware. Some characteristics of a PDS include an emphasis on clinical experiences for preservice students, schools where K-12 faculty agree to assume increased responsibility for the training of tomorrow’s teachers, university and school district faculty cooperating to plan and deliver preservice programs, and collaboration between partners to raise questions and promote scholarly inquiry that promotes educational renewal at both the school and university. The program offered in southern Delaware is an integral part of the School of Education’s program in Elementary Teacher Education. On May 1, 2000, the Faculty Senate temporarily approved the program.  However, because of novel program characteristics such as offering courses with variable credit, the direct linkage of university courses to public school classrooms, and increased emphasis on clinical experience, the University of Delaware Faculty Senate requested the submission of a report describing the implementation of the program no later than the fall of 2003.   

 

Trends in Teacher Education

 

There are differences of opinion regarding how schools need to change in order to meet the new and complex demands placed on them by society.  However, all agree that schools must employ qualified and competent teachers in order to be successful.  The question remaining concerns the manner in which one prepares such a teacher.  In its February 2001 report entitled “Teacher Preparation Research: Current Knowledge, Gaps, and Recommendations,” the Center for the Study of Teaching and Policy looked for answers that research might provide to such critical questions about teacher preparation. 

The report indicated that well-timed, coordinated, and extensive clinical training is important and could have a powerful influence on the preparation of a teacher.

 

It makes sense to provide preservice teachers a preparation program that directly links the university components of the teacher preparation program to day-to-day life in a school or school district, that affords university faculty the opportunity to directly collaborate with school district cooperating teachers, that permits preservice students to have extensive clinical experiences in school settings, and to routinely reflect on those experiences with faculty and cooperating teachers. The nurturing and extended nature of the clinical experience not only provides preservice teachers opportunities to learn the skills of teaching, but also to become a part of the culture of the school district community, and gain experience with the stakeholder subsystems that impact schools.

 

The Milford School District/University of Delaware Partnership

 

During the fall of 1994, the Delaware Department of Public Instruction (DPI) invited proposals from school districts for a $35,000 planning grant for the purpose of establishing a Professional Development School that would serve the two southern counties in Delaware. Criteria for this proposal included: (a) establish a partnership between a school district and a higher education institution, (b) improve preservice education, (c) align the university’s teacher education program with the new teacher standards being developed by the Delaware Professional Standards Council, (d) link preservice and inservice activities, and (e) base the PDS on principles similar to those espoused by the Holmes Group. The Milford School District and the University of Delaware College of Education agreed to a partnership that resulted in the school district receiving the planning grant on behalf of the partnership.

 

The University had long been associated with the Holmes Group, an association of colleges and universities dedicated to reforming the way tomorrow’s teachers are prepared. Consequently accepting the Holmes requirement was natural for the College of Education. The school district partnership provided the College of Education the opportunity to develop a teacher preparation program analogous to a teaching hospital in the medical profession. The planning grant provided both institutions the time and resources to build a preservice education option based on a true partnership, significant clinical experience, faculty and administrative collaboration, the opportunity for simultaneous renewal, and scholarly inquiry into issues of mutual interest. Furthermore, the College of Education leadership was interested in responding to continuing requests to offer the entire elementary teacher education program in southern Delaware. Participating in this partnership would provide support to develop a plan and identify resources to implement the program in this geographical location.

 

Program Description

 

The Planning Process

 

The strategic planning opportunity provided by the planning grant turned out to be a key factor in the decision by the Milford School District to embrace the partnership. Prior to the planning process, the Milford faculty was uncertain, skeptical, and generally unsure of the nature of the commitment required. They seemed to want to participate, but were hesitant because of other demands on their time. The planning process gave the faculty the opportunity to better understand and plan for both the routine demands that impact schools and this PDS initiative. As a result, the District voted in June of 1994 to participate and support the PDS and elementary teacher initiative in southern Delaware. 

 

The strategic planning process concluded with the following recommendations regarding the initial model for the southern Delaware ETE program:

·        The first two years of the program will be offered through the Parallel Program in Georgetown. The courses offered at this site include general university requirements and introductory education courses.

·        The final two years of the program will be clinical in nature and courses will be offered on site at the Ross Elementary School in Milford.

·        Courses will be consistent with the College of Education approved program for elementary education and students will graduate with certification in elementary education and K – 8 special education.

·        The Elementary Teacher Education approved program course syllabi will be modified cooperatively by university and school district faculties to link the more theoretical instruction with classroom practices in cooperating teacher classrooms.

 

Long Term Financial Support

 

The University of Delaware

 The primary fiscal support for the program comes from CHEP and the State of Delaware. The Delaware Budget Bill included $100,000 for the program with a commitment from Dean Rich to match that allocation. The university also provides significant other resources to the program such as staff development for Milford faculty, stipends for cooperating teachers, and other costs incidental to the program. The university supports the staffing of the program with two instructors and a coordinator.

 

The Milford School District

The district has provided direct fiscal support through the use of federal Goals 2000 funds. Additionally, the district provides the space for the teacher education classroom and offices for faculty and has assumed facility support costs. Critical to the program is the commitment and time provided by Milford School District administrators and teachers for planning, field placements, and the coordination associated with implementing course activities in district schools. 

 

State of Delaware /Department of Education

The State of Delaware agreed to commit $100,000 annually (adjusted annually for inflation) to the program. The Department of Education, in addition to the Goals 2000 grant, provided the district and university the necessary flexibility and support to bring the planning process to a successful conclusion. DOE also supports the implementation phase of the program.

 

The Partnership

 

This partnership has resulted in many benefits to both the university and the school district. From a pragmatic perspective, the district will have the opportunity to observe future teachers in action in their classrooms. It has the opportunity to recruit candidates whose skills and abilities are known before these candidates enter the job market. The stature of the district and its staff increases because of its association with an exemplary teacher preparation program. Opportunities for additional linkages or partnerships with the university increase as the university recognizes the leadership and talents of district staff.

 

The benefits of this partnership to the university are many. The obvious one is that preservice candidates spend considerable time developing classroom practices that are beneficial to the education of children. It also enhances CHEP outreach to Delaware school districts. More specifically, the university is credited with meeting the needs of southern Delaware residents by offering the entire ETE program in southern Delaware. The partnership has resulted in the establishment of collegial relationships between district and university faculty that opens the door to new partnerships in the future.  Indicators of further benefits of the partnership include records of positive relationships and records of contact between cooperating faculties. 

 

Milford Professional Development School Teacher Candidates

 

The Milford PDS attracts teacher candidates wishing to stay within their community rather than move or travel to Newark.  They desire the quality education offered by the University of Delaware, but do not want or cannot afford to leave home to pursue it.  Most must work part-time to support their college career.  In prior years, students who aspired to become teachers would complete as much coursework as possible in the Parallel Program and then transfer to another institution – typically Wilmington College or Salisbury State University – to complete their degree. Information gathered from the first two years through an entrance survey of the Milford PDS program showed that 100% of the teacher candidates want to stay in southern Delaware for both their education and teaching career. 

 

Table 1 summarizes the demographic and academic characteristics of preservice teachers enrolled in the Milford PDS Elementary Teacher Education Program as of May 2002. 

 

Table 1: Demographic and Academic Characteristics

Age Range

20-41

Median Age

 21

 

Percent Living at Home

100%

 

Credits Taken Per Semester

17-23

 

Percent Totally Responsible for Tuition and Living Expenses

36%

 

Percent Partially Responsible for Tuition and Living Expenses

60%

 

Percent Not Responsible for Tuition or Living Expenses

4%

 

GPA Range

2.9-4.0

 

Average GPA

3.5

 

Average Praxis I Score

222

 

Percent Minority

9.5%

 

 

The Faculty

 

The Milford PDS is comprised of two full-time faculty and 7 adjunct instructors.  This allows for a favorable student/teacher ratio.  Results from the candidate surveys indicate that many of the preservice teachers desire and appreciate small classes.

 

Faculty at the PDS have a variety of roles.  Faculty teach courses, observe students in the field during both junior and senior years, and advise all of the students. In addition, they maintain professional relationships with district teachers, principals and administrative personnel. This has several positive outcomes.  First, the single point of contact with faculty enhances communication, efficiency, and consistency.  Instructors have the same expectations for all of the courses.  This makes it easier for students to understand what they are to do and how they will be evaluated.  Faculty have a holistic view of students regarding their strengths, weaknesses, needs and personal considerations.  Instructors can assess students’ understanding of theory taught as they watch it demonstrated in the field.  Misconceptions, the need for additional instruction or exceptional understanding can easily be observed.  Armed with this information, instructors return to their classroom and revise their instruction for re-teaching, enriching or moving on to another topic to better meet the needs of their students. Second, instructors are able to have more in-depth discussions by including the field placement as a primary source of information.  This allows for a strong connection between theory and practice.  Instructors also incorporate methods and curriculum observed in the classroom by cooperating teachers in their instruction, helping students to better understand what they are seeing.   Finally, instructors advise and support students.  Instructors know who is struggling in the field, something that can not always be seen in the written lesson plan turned in as part of a course requirement.  They then share this information with all faculty members and work together to meet the needs of the student. 

 

A major role of the faculty is to promote reflection by the students. Students are asked to reflect on their daily teaching in writing in the form of lesson plan reflections and journals, and in class discussions.  Students are made to feel safe in sharing both their successes and failures in the classroom, each seen as a valuable learning tool for themselves and others.  In addition, faculty provide daily opportunities for students to meet with them to discuss their teaching and learning.  Students are encouraged to talk with an instructor after each teaching experience to analyze the experience and revise plans when appropriate.  After classroom observations, students meet with faculty members to debrief and set goals for future teaching.  Indicators of candidate reflection include surveys, interviews, journals, group discussions, and other evidence of changes in reflection, thinking, dispositions, and teaching practices.

 

Courses

 

The courses and program requirements offered at the Milford site are the same as the School of Education approved program in Elementary Teacher Education.  University and Milford School District faculties work as partners to revise approved program syllabi to correlate school practices with the theoretical instruction provided in each course.  During the freshman and sophomore years, courses are taught through the Delaware Parallel Program or in Newark. 

 

The Milford PDS uses a variety of techniques to provide a unique and high quality teacher education program.  Although the courses, and the content of those courses are the same as those on the Newark campus, their delivery is different.  One of the most unusual features of this program is the use of variable credits for most courses offered in years 3 and 4. Students take classes in 1 or 2 credit increments instead of the traditional 3-credit course.  This permits a portion of the content of a course to be offered in a given semester; then provides teacher candidates and cooperating faculty opportunity and time to reflect on the teaching and clinical experience.  This is followed by the offering of another portion of the course in a succeeding semester, a repetition of the reflection process, and a continuation of this recursive, reflective process until the course is completed.  Appendix F displays the schedule of courses offered in this distinctive format during the junior and senior years. 

 

All methods courses are taught at both the primary and middle school levels with a semester-long field experience in each.  This allows students to gain experience teaching all content areas at both levels. 

 

Two clinical faculty members teach the education courses with seven adjunct instructors providing instruction in content areas.  This approach yields several positive outcomes.  First, instructors are able to avoid duplication of content. Second, the small size of the faculty and their teaching of multiple courses allow for integration of the curriculum.  Faculty can easily plan lessons and assignments that fit with other courses.  Complex, common assignments can meet the requirements of several courses.  Some examples include:

·        Lessons planned and implemented for the literacy, mathematics and science methods classes included strategies from Instructional Strategies and Reflective Practice courses (EDUC 390) and assessment methods and tools from Educational Assessment (EDUC 451).  When the teacher candidates planned and implemented a lesson, they were assessed in three different courses.

·        Teacher candidates are learning how to create an integrated unit.  This project is being worked on in every class taken by the preservice teachers.  This allows the teacher candidates to better understand and learn this process.  It also helps them to make connections across subjects instead of treating them as separate entities.

 

Finally, the faculty is able to assess the knowledge gained in a particular course at the end of each semester and use the information to adjust instruction in the subsequent semesters. Because courses continue through several semesters, instructors are able to revise syllabi based on formative evaluations from the previous semester.

 

Field Experiences

 

Field placements constitute one of the strongest components of the PDS program.  During the freshman and sophomore years, while enrolled in courses in the Georgetown Parallel Program, students spend approximately 62 hours observing, tutoring and assisting teachers in both primary and middle school classrooms.  Time in the field differs considerably during the junior and senior years.  During the two junior block semesters, Newark campus students spend approximately 128 hours in the classroom.  During the same period PDS students conservatively logged 500 hours in primary and middle school classrooms.  Student teaching on main campus lasts approximately 90 days (18 weeks), while the PDS senior interns are in classrooms for 145 days (29 weeks). 

 

Table 2: Clinical Experience Hours

 

            Year                                           Regular ETE                           Milford PDS

Freshman and Sophomore

        25 hours

              62 hours

Junior

       128-159 hours

             500 hours

Senior

        18 weeks

              29 weeks              

 

Students begin their junior year by attending district inservice workshops and workdays with their cooperating teachers in primary schools.  They observe firsthand how teachers begin the school year and set up their classrooms.  They attend faculty meetings, learn about procedures and curriculum for the new year and see (and assist with) all of the preparations teachers must make.  They are in classrooms on the first day of school, observing and participating in this very special day.  During the first week, they are able to observe how teachers start the year, establish rules and routines, begin to create a strong classroom community, and begin teaching.  Their first university course assignment involves writing a paper on how they would start the school year.  They remain in the classroom two full days a week until winter vacation.  In the spring, juniors move to the middle school, observing and teaching until late May.  In all placements, students are assisting the teacher and planning and teaching lessons in all content areas.

 

The organization of the PDS has allowed the UD faculty to meet the needs of individual students as related to field experience. During the first two years of the Milford PDS program, six of the students have needed more time in the field to develop their teaching skills.  The faculty has been able to place students in the field during winter session to gain this experience.

 

Informal surveys were administered to students each semester during the first two years. Responses to survey questions point out that the prospect of spending more time in schools and classrooms is a major consideration for students when selecting the Milford PDS. Similarly, students indicate they believe they have made positive contributions assisting teachers and children while gaining valuable experience and confidence (Appendices A &B).

 

Due to variable credits, seniors at the PDS take classes throughout their senior year.  Their internships are for the entire year with the first semester placement in the middle school and the second semester in the primary school.  They participate in both special education and regular education classrooms. Because of the time spent in schools during their junior internships, many students in their senior year take over full classroom responsibilities very early in the placement.  In addition to completing course work during the senior year, students complete the University of Delaware student teaching requirements during the two semesters.

 

 

 

Relationship With The Milford School District 

 

Teachers in the Milford School District play an important role in the success of the PDS.  Approximately 90 Milford teachers each year work with UD teacher candidates. Creating strong and positive relationships between the PDS and the teachers is essential to the program.  One goal of this program is to cultivate teachers as true partners in the education of the teacher candidates.  This is accomplished through increased communication between the PDS faculty and the schools, continuous training of cooperating teachers, and involving the teachers in reflecting on the program. The Superintendent of the Milford District and the principals of the cooperating schools value both the strong partnership with the University and the opportunity to host the PDS program (Appendix C).

 

Communication between the PDS and the teachers is accomplished in many ways. University faculty choose the teachers working with the students.  Cooperating teachers receive an orientation at the beginning of each placement.  Here they receive a handbook outlining in great detail the program, assignments students must complete during the placement, an explanation of their responsibilities, and assessment forms. Throughout each semester teachers receive electronic newsletters through e-mail that include reviews of what the preservice teachers have been learning in their university classes, reminders of upcoming lessons and activities teacher candidates will be doing in the classroom, answers to frequently asked questions, and thanks for their work. Finally, teachers are asked to complete a written survey and invited to attend a feedback seminar to reflect on the semester and make suggestions for changing the program.  Cooperating teachers overwhelmingly indicate that preservice teachers assist in the classroom in many ways. These include: helping children learn, providing individual children assistance, developing and implementing quality lesson plans, stimulating new ideas, and assisting with classroom management. Furthermore, they indicate that they appreciate the opportunity to help prepare tomorrow’s teachers (Appendix B).

 

Influence on Milford Teachers

 

The University of Delaware/Milford School District partnership allows for learning to be mutually beneficial.  Students learn from their cooperating teachers by observing, teaching under their supervision and planning and implementing lessons.  Teachers are also learning from students.  Many of the cooperating teachers have invited university students to demonstrate innovative teaching ideas they have read about.  Examples include literature circles, hands-on activities such as simulations and projects, and lessons that integrate several school subjects. Several teachers have incorporated new methods or activities presented by the students into their own daily teaching. Six teachers indicated that they viewed new ideas introduced by the preservice teachers positively.  Cooperating teachers have asked UD faculty for information and materials on strategies first presented by the university students.

 

Some professional development has been provided to district teachers by UD faculty.  Monthly meetings facilitated by UD faculty are held in two of the primary schools to discuss writing topics.  UD faculty helped set up model classrooms and discussions on teaching strategies.  Teachers have worked one-on-one with faculty discussing improvements in their teaching practices.  Workshops have been offered to both teachers and parents.  Finally, several graduate education classes have been offered in Milford to make taking UD classes easier for district teachers.  All teacher candidates participate in district inservice programs. Topics addressed in these inservice workshops include teaching writing and mathematics, the Baldridge school management plan, and accelerated reading.

 

 

Conclusions

 

Summary

 

Essentially the University of Delaware/Milford School District Program has been implemented as initially planned. The reactions and responses from students, cooperating teachers, Milford administrators and School of Education faculty, classifies the program as very successful. This success can be attributed to the willingness of the university community to investigate alternative options to teacher preparation, the enthusiastic support of the administration and faculty of the Milford School District to help plan and host preservice teachers, and the support of the Delaware Department of Education.

 

The goal of significantly increasing the amount of time students spend in a clinical setting was accomplished. The quality of these field experiences was enhanced by the cooperative relationships and direct lines of communication established between the university and school district faculties. The clinical preparation of preservice teachers in a single school district permits our preservice students to become members of the culture of the school district community and accepted into every phase of the operation of schools – staff development programs, parent/teacher conferences, curriculum planning, etc.

 

The partnership between the Milford School District and the University has grown. Cooperating teachers are enthusiastic about their role in the preparation of tomorrow’s teachers; the district has invited university faculty and preservice teachers to be active participants in district initiated professional development programs and school faculty meetings; university faculty members have conducted professional development programs for district teachers; and a PDS advisory board, composed of district staff, has actively participated in the planning and implementation of program refinements.

 

Another goal of the program was to identify opportunities to model the delivery of university courses using an interdisciplinary approach. This task was accomplished to the degree that preservice students routinely developed interdisciplinary learning units and presented them in a manner that permitted cooperating teachers to become more knowledgeable about this strategy.

 

When a clinical program such as the Milford PDS teacher education option implemented in a school district, we want to be sure that the experiences provided to preservice students are of high quality. Mentors as well as university faculty, have a significant impact on the preparation of tomorrow’s teachers. The overall quality of a school district can never be measured completely by children’s test scores. However, in spite of a high percentage of students in free and reduced lunch programs, the results of the most recent state testing program indicated that all Milford schools performed satisfactorily or better. Clearly the Milford School District is a very positive setting for learning – learning by school children, by student teachers, and by veteran teachers.

 

As a result of the review by the USC, we have agreed to make some catalog changes to better reflect the nature of the Southern Delaware ETE program.  The program will be titled and described as follows:

 

Following the description of the honors B.S., create another section that is titled "Southern Delaware Elementary Teacher and Special Education"

 

Degree:  Bachelor of Science in Education

 

Major: Elementary Teacher Education/Special Education

 

University and Major requirements are the same as for the Elementary Teacher Education program.  However, this program differs in that students are required to seek dual certification in Special Education and discipline area requirements are selected for an integrated discipline area rather than a single discipline area.  This program also includes more K-8 school-based requirements that are designed in cooperation with the Milford School District.  All requirements for this program may be met at the University of Delaware campus in Georgetown and the Milford Professional Development School located on the grounds of the Milford School District.

 

 

Perspective on Results

 

Although no formal evaluation of the Milford program has been conducted, experiences and information from the first two years support our claim that the Milford program appears to be successful. 

 

One of the most successful components of the Milford program was using a variable credit model for offering courses during the final two program years. This permitted the faculty to significantly embrace the reflective practitioner component of the School of Education’s conceptual framework. This was accomplished by offering a portion of the theory associated with courses, placing students in district classrooms under the tutelage of UD faculty and Milford cooperating teachers, and providing preservice teachers guided opportunities to reflect on their experiences with their peers and professionals. This process was repeated over two additional semesters for each course. This cycle of learn, experience, and reflect, repeated at least twice for each course, permitted each student to grow professionally and improve their confidence in the classroom.

 

Many believe the ultimate success of a teacher in the classroom can be measured by the success of their students on standardized achievement measures. It is not the intent of this report to argue the merits of this position. Nationally this continues to be a contentious issue. The preservice students in the Milford program are encouraged, when appropriate, to include pre and post tests in their instructional units. However, because of the short duration of the presentation of instructional units and the other factors that affect classroom learning, it probably is not appropriate to make strong claims about school children’s success as a result of this program. It can be argued, however, that the enthusiasm of cooperating teachers and building administrators for the program and the UD students they have hosted are indicators of the positive impact these preservice students have had on Milford school children. In this day of teacher and school accountability, these indicators are encouraging.

 

Another goal of the Milford program is to provide preservice students sufficient clinical experience to permit them to “hit the ground running” when ultimately hired by a school district. The significant time our students spend in schools observing, tutoring, teaching, interacting with cooperating teachers, and reflecting on those experiences has resulted in the growth of each student in experience, knowledge, and confidence. Each of our students sought opportunities for increased classroom experience and demonstrated confidence in their ability to be successful. Especially in the senior year, cooperating teachers came to treat these preservice students as peers and included them in every aspect of school life. Some indicators of success include; (1) all seven of the graduates of the first program year were hired by school districts, (2) three of the seven were hired by the Milford District and (3) although Delaware districts typically hire mid-to-late summer, all were hired early in the hiring season. The Milford District Director of Personnel indicated that if they had the vacancies, they would have hired all the graduates. Our graduates report that they are looking forward to their initial teaching experience with confidence, confidence in their knowledge and background, and confidence based on their experience in Milford schools (Appendix D).

 

Although the term “partnership” was articulated early and often by University and school district representatives, the ultimate strength of this partnership exceeds all expectations. Early in the planning process the school district, in particular the Ross Elementary School, pursued a strategic planning process. Until that time the staff was unsure of what was being committed to, the time involved, and what the University wanted. Participating in a strategic planning exercise permitted the school (and district) to better understand its priorities, how to accomplish its goals, and how to organize to accomplish these tasks. Within this framework they considered the nature of the University partnership and enthusiastically committed themselves to it. This staff “buy-in” was a key in the establishment of professional relationships necessary to the success of this program. Today, the Milford faculty continue as cooperating teachers and partners in professional development opportunities. Some also serve as adjunct faculty, claim this program to be as much theirs as the University’s, and promote the program throughout Kent and Sussex counties.

 

University faculty both taught the courses in the program and  also supervised field experiences and student teaching. Although serving in this multidimensional role is often taxing for faculty, it did result in increased coordination and cooperation between University and Milford faculties. Lines of communication were more effective and efficient, relating theoretical instruction to classroom activities was more meaningful to preservice students, and the reflection process was enhanced. 

 

Implications and Recommendations

 

Given the success of the PDS partnership with the Milford School District, the program in Milford should be continued. Furthermore, PDS teacher preparation programs that provide for a strong clinical experience should be replicated elsewhere in Delaware when opportunities are available.

 

A school district or school contemplating a partnership with the University to offer a PDS program should pursue a strategic planning process to clearly define the overall mission of the school and the role of a PDS program in the school. A decision to partner with the University should be made by the full administrative and teaching staff of the school.

 

Although the Milford PDS model has been successful to date, a school or school district contemplating this type of partnership should jointly plan the program with University faculty and not try to simply duplicate the Milford approach.  Each school situation is unique and, although the planning and design process could remain the same as that followed by the Milford PDS, the implementation details of such a program may differ from site to site.

 

The use of variable credit to promote preservice student learning, heavy classroom experience, and systematic reflection was very successful and should be considered for any clinically based program.

 

The multidimensional role of University faculty – instructor, field experience coordinator, student teaching coordinator, and advisor – should be considered as a strength and a challenge in the development of PDS programs.

 

If the structure of a new program includes the role of administrator, consideration should be given to identifying an individual in the school district to serve in that role. Although not originally planned for in the Milford PDS, the first Milford coordinator was a recently retired Milford elementary school principal. Her knowledge of district personnel, practices, and policies, as well as established professional relationships, significantly enhanced the PDS presence in the district. If possible, this person should also have a strong understanding of University policies and procedures.

 

Although the issue of teacher performance can be sensitive, some type of follow-up of PDS graduates should be conducted with employers to gain additional knowledge about the short and long term success of Milford graduates. Conversation groups comprised of graduates and UD faculty have been established. These conversation groups continue to support the continued professional growth our graduates and provide UD faculty excellent feedback about the perceived strengths and weaknesses of the program, as seen from the perspective of our first year teachers. As well, the conversation group project provides rich opportunities for UD faculty to engage in scholarly research and publication in addition to formative program evaluation.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

APPENDIX A

 

Student Surveys

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

                                                Student Surveys

. 

 

Informal student surveys were administered twice to the first and second cohorts of students to determine why students chose to attend the Milford PDS program instead of other teacher education programs. Students responded in narrative form and could include more than one answer in a category.  The responses indicated in the following tables were extracted from those narrative responses.

 

1.      Explain why you choose the Milford ETE program.

 

2.      What do you see as the major advantages or strengths of this program?

 

3.      What are your concerns and fears about the program?

 

4.      What are your fears and concerns about teaching?

 

 

Table 1: Cumulative Survey Results—Fall 2000, Spring, 2001, Fall 2001, Spring 2002

(N=29)

Question 1- Reasons for choosing Milford

 

Reasons for Choice

Number

Affordable

             5

Closer to home

            21

Experience in the schools

            30

Opportunity for dual certification

              4

Small class size

            13

 

Question 2-Advantages and strengths

 

Advantages and Strengths

Number

Closer to home

                   4

Teaching lessons

                 12

Experience in schools

                 44

Bond among classmates

                   9

Small class size

                 12

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Question 3-Concerns and fears about the program

 

Concerns and Fears About The Program

 Number

Expenses—Books

                    4

Difficult to work around class schedule

                    4

Last minute scheduling of classes

                    2

New program                                                     

                    7

None

                    7

Heavy workload

                  22

Unsure of whether cooperating teacher will be helpful

                    7

 

 

 

Question 4- Concerns and fears about teaching

 

Concerns and Fears About Teaching

 Number

None

                12

Might not be prepared

                  3

Might not meet own expectations

                  6

Classroom management issues

                  6

Dealing with parents

                  3

Writing lesson plans

                  3

Presenting lessons

                  4

 

 

 

                                    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

APPENDIX B

 

                                         Field Placement Surveys

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

                                         Field Placement Survey Responses

 

Informal student surveys were administered to all students after each semester. Students responded in narrative form and could include more than one reason or answer to each question. Students responded to the following questions:

 

  1. What positive contributions do you feel that you made to the classroom?
  2. Has this been a positive experience for you?
  3. If yes, why was this a positive experience?
  4. If no, why wasn’t this a positive experience?
  5. What changes would you suggest for field placement?

 

Table 2: Fall 2000, Spring 2001, Fall 2001, Spring 2002 Results

(N=29)

Question 1-What positive contributions do you feel that you made to the classroom?

 

Student Responses

Number

Bond with children

                 7

Helped children learn

               15

Provided extra help in classroom

               20

Brought new ideas

                 7

Assisted children who needed  extra help

               17

Provide quality lessons

                 9

 

 

Question 2-Has this been a positive experience for you?

 

Student Responses

 Number

 Yes

                 36

 No

                   1

 

Question 3-If yes, why?

 

Student Responses

Number

Experience in the schools

               13

Learned a great deal

               19

Helped cooperating teachers

                 7

Bonded with children

                 3

Served as role model

                 2

Gained confidence

                11

Helped in deciding where to teach in the future

                 6

 

 

 

 

Question 4: If no, why?

 

Student Responses

    Number

Struggled with writing and teaching lessons

                   1

 

Question 5: What changes would you suggest for field placement?

 

 

Student Responses

 Number

Two consecutive morning and afternoons

                 4

None

                 4

Teachers and principals need permission for every activity

 

                 2

Knowledge of responsibilities and capabilities of candidates by cooperating teacher and candidate

 

                 6

Placement in grade desired by teacher candidate

 

                  2

Cooperating teachers should utilize candidates more

 

                  2

Surname should be on badges

                  2

More time should be spent in classrooms

                  6

 

 

The following are responses from cooperating teachers about positive contributions interns made in their classrooms. The results include information from Fall 2000, Spring 2001, and Fall 2001 cooperating teachers.

 

1.What positive contributions did the student intern make to your classroom?

 

 

Teacher Responses

Number

1. Helped Children Learn

                 21

2. Helpful

                 10

3. Demeanor and Attitude

                 14

4. Quality lesson plans

                 29

5. Provided individual help to children

                 30

6. Provided extra help

                 22

7. Bonded with students

                 19

8. Brought new ideas

                 13

9. Assisted with classroom management

                 13

 

 

 

 

 

2.   Has this been a positive experience for you? Why or why not?

 

 

Teacher Responses

 Number

1. Yes

                    47

2. No

                      3

 

                        Rationale for “Yes” and “No” responses to questions 2

 

 Yes Response Rationale

Number

1. Extra person to help

                     10

2. Learning experience

                       2

3. Brought new ideas

                     10

4. Helped with classroom management

                      5

5. Attitude and cooperation

                      9

6. Made one aware of one’s own lesson

                      8

7. Opportunity to help a future teacher

                     10

 

 

No Response Rationale

Numerical Response

1. Scheduling Issues

                       2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

APPENDIX C

 

Support for the Milford ETE Program

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

APPENDIX D

 

First Graduate Hire Survey

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

                                     First New Teacher Survey

 

The first seven cohort graduates were asked to respond to questions about their first position.  All graduates were hired and responded. The questions and responses are as follows:

 

Question 1: What is your area of certification?

 

All students are certified K-8 plus special education.

 

     Question 2: What is your teaching position, grade, school and district?

 

Teaching

Position

Grade

School

District

State

1. Reg. Ed.        

 4

Lulu Ross Elementary School                

Milford

DE

2. Sp. Ed.        

 7

Woodbridge Middle School        

                                                         

Woodbridge

DE

3. Sp. Ed.         

1-4

Booker T.Wash. Elementary School      

Capital

DE

4. Reg. Ed.       

4

Lulu Ross Elementary School            

Milford

DE

5. Sp. Ed.       

3-4

Lake Forest South Elementary School 

Lake Forest

DE

6. Sp. Ed.       

2-3

Westside Intermediate  School   

Wicomico

MD

7. Sp. Ed.         

                                      

                                             

Self-Cont.

2-5

 

Lulu Ross Elementary School                 

Milford

DE

 

 

Question 3: What was your interview and offer date?

 

New Teacher Interview Dates

Position Offered Dates

1. March 15,2002

1. April 18,2002

2. July 8,2002

2. July 9,2002

3. June 19,2002

3. July 19,2002

4. April 17,2002

4. April 17,2002

5. June 5,2002

5. June 5,2002

6. Mid July, 2002

6. Did not recall

7. Spring, 2002

7. August, 2002 ( 1st or 3rd)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Question 4: When did you sign your contract?

 

 New Teacher’s Responses

  1. May 2,2002

      2.   Respondent had not signed contract when this survey was given.

      3.   August, 2002

      4.   April 17,2002

      5.   April 9,2002

      6.   July 31,2002

      7.   August 1 or 3,2002

 

 

Question 5: How do you feel about your new position?

 

  1. I feel very excited and prepared to touch the future, one child at a time. I am reassured that all my years of hard work and sacrifices have definitely paid off.

 

  1. I am very excited about this position.

 

  1. I am extremely excited about my position. I have met all of the teachers who have classrooms in my hallway as well as other teachers and staff that work in the building. Everybody has been extremely friendly and helpful. I think the capital school district will be a wonderful place to work. I am looking forward to the coming year. I am anxious about the first day as well as the beginning of the school year in general.  However, I am also confident because of the knowledge I received through the PDS program.

 

  1. Relieved and ecstatic that I received a position in such a wonderful district where I feel comfortable and already known by many.

 

  1. I am really excited to begin my first year teaching. I feel comfortable with the position I have accepted.

 

  1. I am very excited about my new position. My classroom is beautiful and I love the staff that I am working with. I am the caseworker for 25 special education students, therefore I am a little nervous, but definitely up to the challenge! It will also be a challenge to see how special education is done in another state (MD), but I am looking forward to learning new techniques and sharing strategies I have observed in Delaware that have worked effectively. My supervisor and principal are both wonderful, supportive people so I feel blessed to have such a great position. 

 

  1. So far, I am very happy with this position and hope to remain in this school

 

 

 

APPENDIX E

 

Program Years 1 and 2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ETE COURSE SEQUENCE

 

Course

Number

 

 

Course

 

Yr 1

Sem 1

 

Yr 1

Sem W

 

Yr 1

Sem 2

 

Yr 2

Sem 1

 

Yr 2

Sem W

 

Yr 2

Sem 2

 

 

Credits

 

EDUC 258

 

Cultural Diversity

 

   3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

HIST 103/104

 

World History

 

   3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

MATH 251

 

Math for Elementary School I

 

   3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

EDUC 202

 

Human Development I

 

   3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

ENGL 110

 

Critical Reading & Writing

 

   3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

LING 101

 

Introduction to Linguistics

 

 

 

 

 

   3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

MATH 252

 

Math for Elementary School II

 

 

 

 

 

   3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

GEOL 113

 

Earth Science

 

 

 

 

 

   4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

      4

 

MUSC 105 or

ART 138

 

Music

Elementary Drawing & Painting

 

 

 

 

 

   3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

HIST 205/206

 

U.S. History

 

 

 

 

 

   3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

EDUC 267

 

Methods of Instruction

 

 

 

 

 

   1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

      1

 

ENGL 207-210

 

English Elective

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   3

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

MATH 253

 

Math for Elementary School III

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   3

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

EDUC 230

 

Introduction to Exceptional

Children

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   3

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

BISC 104 or 207

 

Biology

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   4

 

 

 

 

 

      4

 

GEOG 120

 

Geography

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   3

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

SCEN 102

 

Physical Science

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   4

 

      4

 

ARTH 150/151 or

MUSC 101/102

 

Art History

Music Appreciation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   3

 

      3

 

EDUC 210

 

Introduction to Literature and

Literary

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   3

 

      3

 

EDUC 240/247

 

Professional Issues

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   3

 

      3

 

EDUC 203

 

Human Development II

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   3

 

      3

 

TOTAL CREDITS

 

 15

 

   0

 

 17

 

 16

 

   0

 

 16

 

     64

                                                                                                                                                                                                                Revised 8/1/03



APPENDIX F

 

Program Years 3 and 4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ETE COURSE SEQUENCE

 

Course

Number

 

 

Course

 

Yr 3

Sem 1

 

Yr 3

Sem W

 

Yr 3

Sem 2

 

Yr 4

Sem 1

 

Yr 4

Sem W

 

Yr 4

Sem 2

 

 

Credits

 

EDUC 308

 

Curriculum for the Primary

and Middle Grades

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   2

 

 

 

  

 

      2

 

EDUC 310

 

Reading and Writing in the

Primary Grades

 

   2

 

 

 

   1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

EDUC 320

 

Reading and Writing in the

Middle Grades

 

 

 

 

 

   2

 

   1

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

EDUC 335

 

Elementary Curriculum/Math

 

   1

 

 

 

   1

 

   1

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

EDUC 341

 

Elementary Curriculum/Science

 

   1

 

 

 

   1

 

   1

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

EDUC 346

 

Elementary Curriculum/Social

Science

 

   1

 

 

 

   1

 

   1

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

EDUC 390

 

Instructional Strategies and

Reflective Practice

 

   2

 

 

 

   1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

EDUC 386

 

Educational Technology III

 

   1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

      1

 

EDUC 400

 

Student Teaching

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   6

 

 

 

   6

 

     12

 

EDUC 431

 

Applied Behavior Analysis

 

 

 

 

 

   1

 

   2

 

 

 

  

 

      3

 

EDUC 432

 

Curriculum for School Aged

Exceptional Children

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   1

 

 

 

   2

 

      3

 

EDUC 433

 

Non-School Factors Affecting

Learning in the Classroom

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   1

 

 

 

   1

 

      2

 

EDUC 435

 

Educational Evaluation for

Exceptional Children

 

   1

 

 

 

   1

 

   1

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

EDUC 436

 

Literacy Problems:

Assessment and Instruction

 

   1

 

 

 

   2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

EDUC 451

 

Educational Assessment

 

   2

 

 

 

   1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

      3

 

EDUC 486

 

Educational Technology IV

 

 

 

 

 

   1

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

      1

 

ENGL 479

 

Literacy and Literature

 

   3

 

   1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

      4

 

ECON 367

 

Economics for the Elementary

Classroom

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   3

 

      3

 

SCEN 340

 

Science for Teachers in  the

Real World

 

   2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   2

 

      4

 

POSC 418

 

Constitutional Issues in the

Public Schools

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   3

 

 

 

      3

 

ARTH 402

 

The Beautiful

 

 

 

 

   1

 

   3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

      4

EDUC 410

Assistive Technology I

  

 

   1

  

 

 

 

 

TOTAL CREDITS

 

 17

 

   2

 

 17

 

 17

 

   3

 

 14

 

     70

 

 

APPENDIX G

 

Sample Schedules

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Southern Delaware Elementary Teacher Education Program

University of Delaware/Milford School District

Professional Development School

 

 

 Fall 2001 Schedule

Juniors

 

Mon.

Tue.

Wed.

Thur.

Fri.

8:00-9:00

Field

Field

EDUC 335

EDUC  435

 

9:00-10:00

Placement

Placement

EDUC 341

EDUC  436

SCEN 467

10:00-11:00

 

 

EDUC 346

EDUC 451

(8:30-10:30)

11:00-12:00

 

 

EDUC 310

 

 

12:00-1:00

 

 

 

 

 

1:00-2:00

 

 

 

EDUC 390

 

2:00-3:00

 

 

*ENGL 467

 

 

3:00-4:00

 

 

(literature piece)

 

 

4:00-5:00

 

 

 

**EDUC 386 or

 

5:00-6:00

 

 

 

ENGL 467 (Literacy Piece)

 

6:00-7:00

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Southern Delaware Elementary Teacher Education Program

University of Delaware/Milford School District

Professional Development School

 

 Fall 2001 Schedule

Seniors

 

Mon.

Tue.

Wed.

Thur.

Fri.

8:00

*Senior

Field

Field

Field

Field

9:00

Classes

Placement

Placement

Placement

Placement

10:00

 

 

 

 

 

11:00

 

 

 

 

 

12:00

 

 

 

 

 

1:00

 

 

 

 

 

2:00

 

 

 

 

 

3:00

 

 

 

 

 

4:00

 

 

EDUC 400

 

 

5:00

 

 

---------------

 

 

6:00

 

 

EDUC 431

 

 

7:00