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Terese
Chmielewski
DYNAMIC
KNEE STABILITY AFTER COMPLETE
Functional outcome after complete anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is dependent on control of resultant tibiofemoral joint laxity, preventing knee instability and allowing a return to demanding activities. A classification scheme can be used to determine, soon after injury, those who have better potential to dynamically stabilize their injured knee (potential copers) from those with poor potential (non-copers). The purpose of this series of studies was to characterize: the demographics of each sub-group, the incidence and severity of quadriceps muscle weakness and inhibition, their methods of controlling tibial translation during a destabilizing task, and the effect of a neuromuscular training program on performance of a destabilizing task. 395 consecutive patients with ACL injury yielded 185 with isolated injury who participated in the screening examination. Approximately 50% were assigned to each group (potential coper or non-coper) based on test results. Group assignment and performance on each criterion measure was not different based on gender, however, a larger percentage of the female population was injured in a non-contact manner. Quadriceps were weaker in the non-copers. Incidence of inhibition in 100 consecutive subjects was 20%, and there was no difference between groups. In motion analysis and electromyography (EMG) testing of undisturbed and disturbed unilateral standing, non-copers adopted a knee stiffening strategy characterized by greater knee flexion, a tibial position that was near zero or posterior, a strong influence on knee position by preparatory activity in the lateral quadriceps and co-contraction between the lateral quadriceps and hamstrings, and altered reflex activation patterns in response to platform movement. In motion analysis and EMG testing of undisturbed and disturbed walking, before and after a training program that includes perturbation of support surfaces, kinematic and EMG changes in potential copers were consistent with improved dynamic knee stability. In summary, functional measures, muscle activation and movement patterns continue to distinguish between sub-groups formed by a screening examination. Training can promote changes in muscle activation that further improve dynamic knee stability, but some movement patterns appear to be obligatory. |
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3:30 pm, 337 McKinly Lab refreshments at 3:15 Dissertation Proposal Defense
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation of the Quadriceps Femoris and Triceps
Cerebral palsy is a disorder of the brain that results in motor impairment.
The most common presentation of cerebral palsy is spastic diplegia, which
is characterized by greater neurologic involvement of the lower extremities
than upper extremities. A frequent clinical impairment found in cerebral
palsy is a reduced force generating ability of the affected muscle groups.
Force generation and functional ability (gait and gross motor function)
have been positively associated in children with cerebral palsy.
Reduced force generation in children with cerebral palsy is thought to
be similar mechanistically to that of adults following stroke in which
there is reduced voluntary activation of the muscle (i.e., reduced motor
unit recruitment and discharge rates). If children with cerebral
palsy demonstrate reduced voluntary muscle activation, traditional strength
training programs may not be optimal at producing strength gains in this
population.
The overall goal of this work is to determine if using neuromuscular electrical stimulation is effective at increasing the quadriceps femoris and triceps surae force generating ability in children (7-12 yrs) with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. |
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Seminars are held from 3:30-4:30 in 337 McKinly Lab unless otherwise stated |
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Send-off Seminar for the
Jennifer Stevens, PT, PhD
Ryan Mizner, PT, MPT
Darcy Reisman, PT, MA
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2:15 pm 003 CSB (not an "official" BIOMS seminar) Christopher Knight (UMass) Tues, Feb 12, 2:15pm, 003CSB |
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2:30 pm, 003 CSB (not an "official" BIOMS seminar) Sheng Li (Penn State) |
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4:00 pm, Room 104 Gore Hall Esther Thelen, PhD
This talk will stress her continuing message that movement is the
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refreshments at 10:45, 337 McKinly Lab (not an "official" BIOMS seminar) Esther Thelen, PhD
Title: "Dynamic mechanisms of change in early perceptual-motor
This talk will discuss her career in the development of reaching and locomotion with a specific emphasis on the interaction between the nervous system, biomechanics and other body properties, and the environment. |
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Tom Kepple National Institutes of Health Biomechanics Laboratory "Induced Acceleration" For resources on this topic please see:
Theoretical background for this work is outlined in a tutorial presented at the Gait and Clinical Movement Analysis Meeting in San Diego (1998). |
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Health Exercise Science Faculty candidate Daniella Corbetta, Ph.D. (Purdue) Tuesday, Feb. 19th 2:30pm CSB 003 Refreshments following |
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TBA |
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Irene McClay Davis, P.T., Ph.D., Department of Physical Therapy "Core Stability and Lower Extremity Mechanics: Implications for Injury" |
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Amy Bastian, Ph.D., PT 3:30 pm, 337 McKinly Lab (refreshments at 3:15) Assistant Professor of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and Research Scientist, Kennedy Krieger Institute. Title: "Cerebellar ataxia: Deficits in multijoint coordination and motor learning" Abstract: Movement disorders commonly occur following neurological damage. We study the movements of adults and children who have damage or disease of the central nervous system. Much of our work has focused on understanding how damage to the cerebellum causes movement incoordination or "ataxia." I will discuss some of our research suggesting that the cerebellum plays a role in adjusting the motor output controlling a given part of the body to compensate for mechanical effects caused by movement of other body parts (interaction torques). I will also discuss our recent work that indicates the cerebellum is necessary for certain types of motor learning and motor 'automaticity'. |
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Todd Royer, Ph.D., Health and Exercise Science "Lower Extremity Inertia: Considerations for Amputee Locomotion". 3:30 pm, 003 Carpenter Sports Building, (refreshments at 3:15) |
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Nancy Getchell, Ph.D., Health and Exercise Sciences 3:30 pm, 003 Carpenter Sports Building, (refreshments at 3:15) Title: "The development of dual task coordination in children with and without learning disabilities". |
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BIOMS Dissertation Proposal Defense Michael Higgins, M.Ed., ATC/PT Health and Exercise Sciences Advisor: David Barlow 3:30pm Carpenter Sports Building 003 (refreshments at 3:15) Title: "Comparison of impact data in the cog and soft palate of a
nocsae head form with/without sports helmets."
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SPRING BREAK NO SEMINAR |
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BIOMS Dissertation Proposal Defense Stephen Pledgie, Mechanical Engineering Advisor: Sunil Agrawal, Ph.D. 3:30pm McKinly Lab 337 |
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Reed Ferber, Ph.D., ATC Post-doctoral Fellow, Department of Physical Therapy 3:30pm McKinly Lab 337 (refreshments 3:15pm) The purpose of this presentation is to discuss the gait patterns in persons with chronic ACL deficiency who subsequently undergo surgical repair. Normal gait patterns and gait patterns in response to an unexpected forward perturbation compared to healthy controls will be discussed. In addition, bilateral accommodations to ACL injury and surgery during normal walking and in response to the forward perturbation will also be examined. Thursday, April 25, 2002 Ed Wojtys, MD, University of Michigan 12:30 McKinly Lab 337 Title: Muscle stiffness as a knee protective mechanism? |
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Glenn Williams, PT, ATC Advisors: Drs. Thomas Buchanan & Lynn Snyder-Mackler PhD Dissertation Proposal Defense 3:30, Room 337 McKinly Lab Neuromuscular function is believed to be a critical factor in knee stability. The first aim of the proposed research is to compare the muscle activation patterns of: 1) people with ACL ruptures who are non-copers, 2) people with ACL ruptures who are copers, and 3) activity-matched people with no history of knee injury. Differences in activation patterns will be examined using electromyography and a target-matching protocol that requires fine control of force production. The second aim of the proposed research is to determine the effects of ACL reconstruction with an autologous semitendinosus-gracilis graft on neuromuscular function with use of electromyography and magnetic resonance imaging. The background and significance of these studies, as well as, hypotheses based upon preliminary results will be discussed in detail. Departments of Mechanical Engineering & Physical Therapy Thursday, May 2, 2002 Nina Vollestad 12:30 McKinly Lab 337 Title: "Muscle activation and metabolism and their relation to musculoskeletal pain" |
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Jim Richards, Ph.D., Health and Exercise Sciences 3:30pm, Room 003 CSB Light refreshments 3:15pm. Title: Analyzing multiple revolution jumps in figure skating. |
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Mike Lewek, MPT, Physical Therapy Advisor: Lynn Snyder-Mackler PhD Dissertation Proposal Defense 12:00 Room 337 McKinly Lab Title: Knee Alignment and the Progression of Osteoarthritis role in the progression of medial compartment osteoarthritis. This malalignment, called genu varum, or bowleggedness”, redistributes the joint forces across the knee, resulting in increased compression of the medial compartment, exacerbating the degenerative process. The presence of malalignment will also influence symptoms, such as joint laxity, muscle weakness and dysfunction, diminished muscular reflexes, and altered movement patterns that are thought to influence the severity of the disease progression. A progressive opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a skeletal realignment procedure that adds cortical bone in the proximal medial cortex of the tibia via callus distraction to allow for a precise angular correction to be achieved. This surgical procedure represents a unique model for studying the role of skeletal malalignment on the symptoms thought to relate to the progression of osteoarthritis. The balancing of the soft tissue structures about the knee, which occurs through the anatomical correction of malalignment, may succeed not only in correction of genu varum, but also in elimination of these symptoms thought to contribute to the progression of OA. |