Course Description:  In this readings course we will read historical and current literature pertaining to data processing, analysis and clinical relevance of research using electromyography (EMG) and automated movement analysis of walking patterns.
 

Date/location	Topic
3/24/04	EMG Normalization Burden A, Bartlett R.  Normalisation of EMG amplitude: an evaluation and comparison of old and new methods. Med Eng Phys. 1999 May; 21(4): 247-57.   Burden AM, Trew M, Baltzopoulos V. Normalisation of gait EMGs: a re-examination. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2003 Dec;13(6):519-32.   Benoit DL, Lamontagne M, Cerulli G, Liti A. The clinical significance of electromyography normalisation techniques in subjects with anterior cruciate ligament injury during treadmill walking. Gait Posture. 2003 Oct;18(2):56-63.   (deferred) Rainoldi A, Galardi G, Maderna L, Comi G, Lo Conte L, Merletti R.  Repeatability of surface EMG variables during voluntary isometric contractions of the biceps brachii muscle. Electromyogr Kinesiol. 1999 Apr;9(2):105-19.
3/3/04	Class Cancelled
3/10/04	EMG and Gait Patterns Roetenberg D, Buurke JH, Veltink PH, Forner Cordero A, Hermens HJ. Surface electromyography analysis for variable gait. Gait Posture. 2003 Oct;18(2):109-17.
3/17/04	Stroke Gait Notes on Cluster Analysis from Bill Rose  Mulroy S, Gronley J, Weiss W, Newsam C, Perry J.  Use of cluster analysis for gait pattern classification of patients in the early and late recovery phases following stroke. Gait Posture. 2003 Aug;18(1):114-25.   Lamontagne A, Malouin F, Richards CL, Dumas F.  Mechanisms of disturbed motor control in ankle weakness during gait after stroke. Gait Posture. 2002 Jun;15(3):244-55.
3/24/04	No Meeting - Spring Break
3/31/04	Cluster Analysis Techniques Notes on Cluster Analysis from Bill Rose  simple example of cluster analysis  http://www.psychstat.smsu.edu/MultiBook/mlt04m.html  a little more complex http://www2.chass.ncsu.edu/garson/pa765/cluster.htm
4/7/04	Cluster Analysis Techniques (continued) & Factors Affecting Muscle Activation Chen JJ, Shiavi R. Temporal feature extraction and clustering analysis of electromyographic linear envelopes in gait studies. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 1990 Mar;37(3):295-302.  Onishi H, Yagi R, Oyama M, Akasaka K, Ihashi K, Handa Y. EMG-angle relationship of the hamstring muscles during maximum knee flexion.  J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2002 Oct;12(5):399-406.
4/14/04	Factors Affecting Muscle Activation Kasprisin JE and Grabiner MD.  EMG variability during maximum voluntary isometric and anisometric contractions is reduced using spatial averaging.  J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 1998 Feb;8(1):45-50.   Westing SH, Cresswell AG, Thorstensson A.  Muscle activation during maximal voluntary eccentric and concentric knee extension.  Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1991;62(2):104-8.
4/21/04	Fatigue (Ryan Maladen)  Lowery MM, O'Malley MJ.  Analysis and simulation of changes in EMG amplitude during high-level fatiguing contractions.  IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2003 Sep;50(9):1052-62. Bill Rose's Notes for Lowery, 2003.
4/28/04	Foot Drop Gait (Barb Spears) Burridge JH, Wood DE, Taylor PN, McLellan DL.  Indices to describe different muscle activation patterns, identified during treadmill walking, in people with spastic drop-foot.  Med Eng Phys. 2001 Jul;23(6):427-34.
5/5/04	Gait Classification (Sara Farquhar - O'Byrne) Rodda J, Graham HK.  Classification of gait patterns in spastic hemiplegia and spastic diplegia: a basis for a management algorithm.  Eur J Neurol. 2001 Nov;8 Suppl 5:98-108  O'Byrne JM, Jenkinson A, O'Brien TM.  Quantitative analysis and classification of gait patterns in cerebral palsy using a three-dimensional motion analyzer. J Child Neurol. 1998 Mar;13(3):101-8.
5/12/04	Walking Patterns (Trisha Kisar) Jansen BH, Miller VH, Mavrofrides DC, Stegink Jansen CW. Multidimensional EMG-based assessment of walking dynamics.  EEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng. 2003 Sep;11(3):294-300
5/19/04	EMG and Principal Components Analysis (Wei-Li Hsu) Wootten ME, Kadaba MP, Cochran GV. Dynamic electromyography. I. Numerical representation using principal component analysis.  J Orthop Res. 1990 Mar;8(2):247-58.  A Tutorial on Principal Components Analysis by Lindsay I. Smith