Professor Brophy
History 102

Working-Class Politics in Europe, 1840-1914
-industry and class formation
-Marx’s historical materialism
-bourg. paternalism toward labor
-realignment of power, 1830-1870: labor excluded
-socialism and nationalism as
 twin forces of 19th century
-labor’s internationalism : how accurate?

II. England
-artisans, politics and industry: Peterloo (1819)
    machine breaking (1820s); the reform mvt. (1832);
    the Chartist Movement (1836-47)
-state acceptance of combination (1855)
-growth of trade unionism
-liberal-labor cooperation after 1867
-pragmatic reformist spirit of British labor

III. France
-slow and uneven industrialization: impact of French Rev.’s property settlement
-was there a proletariat?
-state suppression of labor organizations
-political militancy: 1830, 1834, 1848, 1870
-syndicalism as dominant political movement
-mythic ideal of the general strike

IV. Germany
-rapid, ‘classic’ industrialization
-the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) and its Gotha Program (1875)
-anti-socialist laws (1878-90) and subsequent subculture
-the SPD and Marxism: the radical Erfurt Program (1891) in an era of waiting
-parliamentary growth of labor party through 1914

V. Labor Politics: Conclusions
-strike waves: 1878-82, 1890-93, 1899/1900, 1906-10, 1918-21
-The First and Second Internationals (1864-76, 1889-1914)
-loyalty of workers to nation-states questioned
-labor politics determined by national context
-labor politics threatens political establishment after 1870